BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN TOCANTINS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ECOLOGICAL ICMS AND PAYMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

Abstract

The perception of the importance of environmental goods and services for socioeconomic and environmental development is essential. In this context, this study analyzed the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of implementing payment for environmental services (PES) mechanisms within the scope of the Ecological ICMS, strengthening biodiversity conservation efforts. Initially, the similarities between PES and the environmental criteria applied by the Ecological ICMS in Tocantins were investigated. Additionally, financial transfers made by Tocantins to municipalities were analyzed, along with indicators of improved living conditions and areas with potential for biodiversity conservation. The study concludes that there is an opportunity to incorporate payment for environmental services in the areas of water resources, native forest conservation, and soil protection. However, adjustments to the existing policy framework and the design of a new governance structure involving a wide range of stakeholders and responsibilities are essential. To this end, it will be necessary to establish evaluation and monitoring mechanisms for the services provided, ensuring feedback for managerial entities and society.